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Prohibition and Alcohol in Kansas
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The
temperance question was an engrossing topic in Kansas from its earliest
territorial and statehood days. The Kansas Territorial Legislature of 1855
enacted a law entitled "An act to restrain dramshops and taverns, and to
regulate the sale of intoxicating liquors." It provided that a special
election should be held on the first Monday of October, 1855, and every two
years thereafter, in each municipal township in each county, and in each
incorporated city or town in the territory, to take a vote of the citizens
upon the question whether dramshops and tavern licenses should be issued
for the two years following the election.
The vote was to be by ballot, either “In favor of
dramshops" or "Against dramshops." Before a license should be given to
tavern keepers, grocers, or other liquor sellers, a majority vote had to be
cast by each municipality in favor of the measure and a majority of
householders were required to petition for the vote to be held.
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Dramshop
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"Penalties for selling any
spirits, wines, or other intoxicating liquors contrary to law, included a fine
of $100 for the first offense and for every second or subsequent offense not
less than $100, and imprisonment in county jail not less than 5 and not more
than 30 days. Selling to a slave without the sanction of his master, owner or
overseer, or selling liquor on Sunday, also subjected the offender to these same
penalties as well as a forfeiture of their license. Licensees were also required
to give a bond of $2,000 and not to keep a disorderly house.
Further action on the liquor question was taken by the legislature of 1859,
which included an act "to restrain dramshops and taverns and regulate the sale
of intoxicating liquors." It provided that no license should be granted by a
county business or city, unless the petition requesting the dramshop, tavern, or
grocery license was signed by a majority of the householders in the township,
county or ward where the license was sought. However, all incorporated cities
containing 1,000 or more inhabitants were exempted from this act, such cities
possessing full powers to regulate licenses for all purposes and dispose of the
proceeds thereof. This law fixed the tax upon the dramshop keeper at not less
than $50 nor more than $500 for a period of twelve months. The fine for selling
liquor without license was not to exceed $100 for the first offense. For the
second and subsequent offenses, the fine should not be greater than $100, but
the offender might be indicted for a misdemeanor and fined not less than $500,
and imprisoned in the county jail not less than six months, it was made a
misdemeanor to sell liquor on Sunday, the Fourth of July, to any one known to be
in the habit of getting intoxicated, or to any married man against the known
wishes of his wife. All places where liquor would be sold in violation of this
act were declared nuisances. In addition, damages could be recovered by every
wife, child, parent, guardian, employer or other person who should be injured in
person, property or means of support by any intoxicated person or in consequence
of intoxication, and a married woman could sue as a single person.
In the constitutional convention of 1859 there was some discussion about
incorporating in the constitution a prohibitory measure with regard to liquor,
and John Ritchie, of Topeka, suggested the following resolution: "Resolved, that
the constitution of the state of Kansas shall confer power on the legislature to
prohibit the introduction, manufacture or sale of spirituous liquors within the
state." On July 23rd, 12 days later, H. D. Preston, from Burlingame, offered
this section: "The legislature shall have power to regulate or prohibit the sale
of alcoholic liquors, except for mechanical and medicinal purposes." In the end;
however, no prohibitory measure was included in the constitution at that time.
The temperance sentiment continued to increase and was very strong in the by
1867. Lecturers from the East gave addresses on the subject, enlarging and
stimulating the temperance feeling throughout the state. In 1869 all the
territorial and state laws of Kansas were revised and the so-called Dramshop Act
went into effect on October 31, 1869, providing in part:
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Women were most effective in the temperance
movement, eventually leading to Prohibition. Currier & Ives, 1874.
This image available for
photographic prints and downloads
HERE!
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"Before a dramshop, tavern or grocery license shall be granted to any person
applying for the same, such person, if applying for a township license, shall
present to the tribunal transacting county business, a petition or
recommendation signed by a majority of the residents of the township, of 21
years of age or over, both male and female, in which such dramshop, tavern or
grocery is to be kept; or if the same is to be kept in any incorporated city or
town, then to the city council thereof a petition signed by the majority of the
citizens of the ward of 21 years of age, both male and female, in which said
dramshop, tavern or grocery is to be kept, recommending such person as a fit
person to keep the same, and requesting that a license be granted to him for
such purpose; provided that the corporate authorities of cities of the first and
second class may by ordinance dispense with petition mentioned in this section."
The act further provided as a penalty for selling liquor on Sunday or on the
Fourth of July, a fine of not less than $25 nor more than $100 and imprisonment
from 10 to 30 days. It was also made illegal for a person to become intoxicated
or to sell alcohol habitual drunkards or to minors.
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From the Rocky Mountain General Store
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